1. °ü°è´ë¸í»çÀÇ
ÁÖ°Ý
(1) ÁÖ°Ý who
This is the boy. + He came here
yesterday.
¢¡ This is the boy who came here
yesterday. (ÀÌ ¾ÆÀ̰¡ ¾îÁ¦ À̰÷¿¡ ¿Â ¼Ò³âÀÌ´Ù.)
- ¿©±â¼ who´Â °ü°è´ë¸í»ç·Î¼ who°¡ À̲ô´Â Àý ¼Ó¿¡¼´Â ÁÖ°Ý ´ë¸í»ç HeÀÇ ±¸½Çµµ Çϰí ÀÖ´Ù.
ÀÌ¿Í °°ÀÌ °ü°è´ë¸í»ç°¡ ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ À̲ô´Â °ü°è´ë¸í»çÀý ¼Ó¿¡¼ ÁÖ¾îÀÇ ¿ªÇÒÀ» ÇÏ´Â °æ¿ì À̸¦ ÁÖ°Ý °ü°è´ë¸í»ç¶ó ÇÑ´Ù.
- °ü°è´ë¸í»çÀý who came here yesterdayÀÌ ¼ö½ÄÇÏ´Â ¼±Çà»ç the boy´Â »ç¶÷ÀÌ´Ù.
ÀÌ¿Í °°ÀÌ °ü°è´ë¸í»ç who´Â »ç¶÷À» ¼±Çà»ç·Î ÃëÇÏ´Â °ü°è´ë¸í»çÀÌ´Ù.
- °ü°è´ë¸í»ç who´Â »ç¶÷À» ¼±Çà»ç·Î ÇÏ´Â ÁÖ°Ý °ü°è´ë¸í»çÀÌ´Ù.
- She is a teacher who teaches us English.
(±×³à´Â ¿ì¸®¿¡°Ô ¿µ¾î¸¦ °¡¸£Ä¡´Â ¼±»ý´ÔÀÌ´Ù.)
- He is the boy who broke the window. (±×°¡ â¹®À» ±ú¶ß¸° ¼Ò³âÀÌ´Ù.)
- We need a person who can play the violin.
(¿ì¸®´Â ¹ÙÀ̿ø°À» ¿¬ÁÖÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â »ç¶÷ÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù.)
- I know a man who can speak Korean well.
(³ª´Â Çѱ¹¾î¸¦ Àß ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â »ç¶÷À» ¾Ë°í ÀÖ´Ù.)
- The girl who is dancing is my sister. (ÃãÀ» Ãß´Â ±× ¼Ò³à´Â ³ªÀÇ ¿©µ¿»ýÀÌ´Ù.)
< ¢Ñ The girl who is dancing is
my sister.¿¡¼ who is dancingÀº °ü°è´ë¸í»çÀý·Î¼ ¼±Çà»çÀÎ the girlÀ» ¼ö½ÄÇϰí Àִµ¥ the girlÀº ÀÌ ¹®ÀåÀÇ
ÁÖ¾îÀÌ´Ù. The girl (who is dancing) is my sister.¶ó°í ºÐ¼®ÇØ º¸¸é ÀÌÇØ°¡ ½¬¿ï °ÍÀÌ´Ù. > - The man who is sitting on the bench is Mr.
Smith. (º¥Ä¡¿¡ ¾É¾Æ ÀÖ´Â ±× ³²ÀÚ´Â ½º¹Ì½º ¾¾ÀÌ´Ù.)
(2) ÁÖ°Ý which
I have a book. + It is very
interesting.
¢¡ I have a book which is very
interesting.(³ª¿¡°Ô´Â ¾ÆÁÖ Àç¹ÌÀִ åÀÌ ÇÑ ±Ç ÀÖ´Ù.)
- ¿©±â¼ which´Â °ü°è´ë¸í»ç·Î¼ which°¡ À̲ô´Â Àý ¼Ó¿¡¼´Â ÁÖ°Ý ´ë¸í»ç ItÀÇ ±¸½Çµµ Çϰí
ÀÖ´Ù. µû¶ó¼ ¿©±â ¾²ÀÎ which´Â ÁÖ°Ý °ü°è´ë¸í»çÀÌ´Ù.
- °ü°è´ë¸í»çÀý which is very interestingÀÌ ¼ö½ÄÇÏ´Â ¼±Çà»ç´Â a
bookÀÌ´Ù.
- °ü°è´ë¸í»ç which´Â µ¿¹°À̳ª »ç¹°À» ¼±Çà»ç·Î ÇÏ´Â ÁÖ°Ý °ü°è´ë¸í»çÀÌ´Ù.
- Give me the book which is on the
desk. (Ã¥»ó À§¿¡ Àִ åÀ» ³»°Ô ÁÖ¼¼¿ä.)
- We have a cat which catches rats very
well. (¿ì¸®¿¡°Ô´Â Á㸦 ¾ÆÁÖ Àß Àâ´Â °í¾çÀ̰¡ ÀÖ´Ù.)
- Look at that castle which stands on the
hill. (¾ð´ö À§¿¡ ÀÖ´Â Àú ¼ºÀ» º¸¼¼¿ä.)
- The river which flows through London is the
Thames. (·±´øÀ» °üÅëÇØ È帣´Â °Àº Å×ÀÓÁî °ÀÌ´Ù.)
2. °ü°è´ë¸í»çÀÇ
¸ñÀû°Ý
(1) ¸ñÀû°Ý whom
He is the boy. + I met him
yesterday.
¢¡ He is the boy
whom I met yesterday. (±×´Â ³»°¡ ¾îÁ¦ ¸¸³µ´ø ¼Ò³âÀÌ´Ù.)
- ¿©±â¼ whomÀº ¸ñÀû°Ý himÀ» ´ë½ÅÇÏ´Â °ü°è´ë¸í»ç·Î¼ whomÀÌ À̲ô´Â °ü°è´ë¸í»çÀý whom I
met yesterday ¼Ó¿¡¼´Â metÀÇ ¸ñÀû¾î ±¸½ÇÀ» Çϰí ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ¿Í °°ÀÌ °ü°è´ë¸í»ç°¡ ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ À̲ô´Â °ü°è´ë¸í»çÀý ¼Ó¿¡¼ ¸ñÀû¾îÀÇ ¿ªÇÒÀ»
ÇÏ´Â °æ¿ì À̸¦ ¸ñÀû°Ý °ü°è´ë¸í»ç¶ó ÇÑ´Ù.
- °ü°è´ë¸í»çÀý whom I met yesterday°¡ ¼ö½ÄÇÏ´Â ¼±Çà»ç´Â the boyÀÌ´Ù.
- °ü°è´ë¸í»ç whomÀº »ç¶÷À» ¼±Çà»ç·Î ÇÏ´Â ¸ñÀû°Ý °ü°è´ë¸í»çÀÌ´Ù.
- The boy whom I believed to be honest deceived
me. (³»°¡ Á¤Á÷ÇÏ´Ù°í ¹Ï¾ú´ø ±× ¼Ò³âÀº ³ª¸¦ ¼Ó¿´´Ù.)
- He is one of the scientists whom we all
respect. (±×´Â ¿ì¸® ¸ðµÎ°¡ Á¸°æÇÏ´Â °úÇÐÀÚ ÁßÀÇ ÇÑ »ç¶÷ÀÌ´Ù.)
- He killed his wife whom he loved so
much. (±×´Â ±×°¡ ±×·¸°Ô »ç¶ûÇß´ø ¾Æ³»¸¦ Á׿´´Ù.)
- The girl whom we visited yesterday is very
sick. (¿ì¸®°¡ ¾îÁ¦ ã¾Æ°¬´ø ±× ¼Ò³à´Â ¸¹ÀÌ ¾ÆÇÁ´Ù.)
º¸Ãæ ÇнÀ : ¸ñÀû°Ý
°ü°è´ë¸í»ç´Â µ¿»çÀÇ ¸ñÀû¾î°¡ µÉ ¼ö ÀÖÀ» »Ó ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ÀüÄ¡»çÀÇ ¸ñÀû¾îµµ µÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
This is the lady. + I played tennis with
her.
¢¡This is the lady with
whom I played tennis.
= This is the lady whom I
played tennis with. (ÀÌ»ç¶÷ÀÌ ³»°¡ Å״Ͻº¸¦ °°ÀÌ ÃÆ´ø ±×
¼÷³àÀÌ´Ù.)
- ¿©±â¼ the lady¿Í her´Â µ¿ÀÏÀÎÀ̰í, her´Â withÀÇ ¸ñÀû¾îÀÌ´Ù.
- her¸¦ °ü°è´ë¸í»ç whomÀ¸·Î ¹Ù²Ù¾î ÇÑ ¹®ÀåÀ¸·Î ¸¸µé¸é whomÀº withÀÇ ¸ñÀû°Ý °ü°è´ë¸í»ç°¡
µÈ´Ù.
- ÀÌ °æ¿ì ÀüÄ¡»ç with´Â °ü°è´ë¸í»ç whom ¾ÕÀ̳ª °ü°è´ë¸í»çÀýÀÇ µÚ¿¡ À§Ä¡ÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù.
- She is the girl with whom Tom was
talking. (±×³à°¡ ŽÀÌ À̾߱⸦ ³ª´©°í ÀÖ¾ú´ø ±× ¼Ò³àÀÌ´Ù.)
= She is the
girl whom Tom was talking with.
- This is Mr. Brown of whom I told you
yesterday. (ÀÌ ºÐÀÌ ³»°¡ ¾îÁ¦ ´ç½Å¿¡°Ô ¸»Çß´ø ºê¶ó¿î ¾¾ÀÌ´Ù.)
= This is
Mr. Brown whom I told you of yesterday.
(2): ¸ñÀû°Ý
which
This is the book. + I read it
yesterday.
¢¡ This is the book
which I read yesterday. (À̰ÍÀÌ ³»°¡ ¾îÁ¦ Àоú´ø
Ã¥ÀÌ´Ù.)
- ¿©±â¼ whichÀº ¸ñÀû°Ý itÀ» ´ë½ÅÇÏ´Â °ü°è´ë¸í»ç·Î¼ which°¡ À̲ô´Â °ü°è´ë¸í»çÀý which
I read yesterday ¼Ó¿¡¼´Â readÀÇ ¸ñÀû¾î ±¸½ÇÀ» Çϰí ÀÖ´Ù.
- °ü°è´ë¸í»çÀý which I read yesterday°¡ ¼ö½ÄÇÏ´Â ¼±Çà»ç´Â the bookÀÌ´Ù.
- °ü°è´ë¸í»ç which´Â »ç¹°À̳ª µ¿¹°À» ¼±Çà»ç·Î ÇÏ´Â ¸ñÀû°Ý °ü°è´ë¸í»çÀÌ´Ù.
- She wears a ring which her mother left.
(±× ¿©ÀÚ´Â ±×³àÀÇ ¾î¸Ó´Ï°¡ ¹°·ÁÁØ ¹ÝÁö¸¦ ³¢°í ÀÖ´Ù.)
- I have lost the watch which my father
bought for me. (³ª´Â ¾Æ¹öÁö°¡ ³»°Ô »çÁØ ½Ã°è¸¦ ÀÒ¾î¹ö·È´Ù.)
- This is the letter which he sent to me
yesterday. (À̰ÍÀº ±×°¡ ¾îÁ¦ ³ª¿¡°Ô º¸³½ ÆíÁöÀÌ´Ù.)
º¸Ãæ ÇнÀ : which´Â
µ¿»çÀÇ ¸ñÀû¾î°¡ µÉ »Ó ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ÀüÄ¡»çÀÇ ¸ñÀû¾î·Îµµ ¾²ÀδÙ.
This is the house. + She lives in
it.
¢¡ This is the house
which she lives in. = This is the house in
which she lives.
(¿©±â°¡ ±×³à°¡ »ì°í ÀÖ´Â ÁýÀÌ´Ù.)
- ¿©±â¼ the house¿Í it´Â µ¿ÀÏÇÑ °ÍÀ̰í, itÀº inÀÇ ¸ñÀû¾îÀÌ´Ù.
- itÀ» °ü°è´ë¸í»ç which·Î ¹Ù²Ù¾î ÇÑ ¹®ÀåÀ¸·Î ¸¸µé¸é which´Â inÀÇ ¸ñÀû°Ý °ü°è´ë¸í»ç°¡
µÈ´Ù.
- ÀÌ °æ¿ì ÀüÄ¡»ç inÀº °ü°è´ë¸í»ç which ¾ÕÀ̳ª °ü°è´ë¸í»çÀýÀÇ µÚ¿¡ À§Ä¡ÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù.
- The book which you are looking for is
in the drawer. (´ç½ÅÀÌ Ã£´Â Ã¥Àº ¼¶ø ¼Ó¿¡ ÀÖ´Ù.)
= The
book for which you are looking is in the drawer. - Those are the cats which Nancy takes care
of. (Àú°ÍµéÀÌ ³½½Ã°¡ µ¹º¸°í ÀÖ´Â °í¾çÀ̵éÀÌ´Ù.)
= Those are
the cats of which Nancy takes care. - The hotel which we are staying at is
very large. (¿ì¸®°¡ ¸Ó¹°°í ÀÖ´Â ±× È£ÅÚÀº ¾ÆÁÖ Å©´Ù.)
= The
hotel at which we are staying is very large.
3. °ü°è´ë¸í»çÀÇ
¼ÒÀ¯°Ý
(1) ¼ÒÀ¯°Ý whose
The doctor likes to play chess. + His office
is near my house.
¢¡ The doctor
whose office is near my house likes to play chess.
(³ªÀÇ Áý ±Ùó¿¡ »ç¹«½ÇÀÌ ÀÖ´Â ±× ÀÇ»ç´Â Àå±â µÎ±â¸¦ ÁÁ¾ÆÇÑ´Ù.)
- ¿©±â¼ whose´Â whoÀÇ ¼ÒÀ¯°Ý °ü°è´ë¸í»çÀÌ´Ù. µû¶ó¼ whose office¿Í °°ÀÌ whose
´ÙÀ½¿¡´Â ¹Ýµå½Ã ¸í»ç°¡ µÚµû¸£°Ô µÇ´Â Á¡¿¡ À¯ÀÇÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
- whose°¡ À̲ô´Â °ü°è´ë¸í»çÀý whose office is near my house°¡ ¼ö½ÄÇÏ´Â
¼±Çà»ç´Â the doctorÀÌ´Ù.
- °ü°è´ë¸í»ç whose´Â »ç¶÷À» ¼±Çà»ç·Î ÇÏ´Â ¼ÒÀ¯°Ý °ü°è´ë¸í»ç·Î¼ whose ´ÙÀ½¿¡´Â ¹Ýµå½Ã ¸í»ç°¡
¿Í¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
- She has a son whose name is Dick. (±×³à¿¡°Ô´Â À̸§ÀÌ µñÀÎ ¾ÆµéÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù.)
- These are the children whose parents are
dead. (À̵éÀº ºÎ¸ð°¡ Á×Àº ¾ÆÀ̵éÀÌ´Ù.)
- I met a boy whose father is a doctor.
(³ª´Â ¾Æ¹öÁö°¡ ÀÇ»çÀÎ ÇÑ ¼Ò³âÀ» ¸¸³µ´Ù.)
- I know the lady whose son bought this toy
car. (³ª´Â ÀÌ Àå³°¨ ÀÚµ¿Â÷¸¦ »ê ¾ÆÀÌÀÇ ¾î¸Ó´Ï¸¦ ¾Ë°í ÀÖ´Ù.)
(2) ¼ÒÀ¯°Ý whose / of which
I have found a book. + Its cover is
red.
¢¡ I have found a book
whose cover is red. (³ª´Â Ç¥Áö°¡ »¡°£ Ã¥À» ÇÑ ±Ç ã¾Æ³Â´Ù.)
- ¿©±â¼ whose´Â whichÀÇ ¼ÒÀ¯°Ý °ü°è´ë¸í»çÀÌ´Ù. µû¶ó¼ whose cover¿Í °°ÀÌ whose
´ÙÀ½¿¡´Â ¹Ýµå½Ã ¸í»ç°¡ µÚµû¸£°Ô µÇ´Â Á¡¿¡ À¯ÀÇÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
- whose°¡ À̲ô´Â °ü°è´ë¸í»çÀý whose cover is red°¡ ¼ö½ÄÇÏ´Â ¼±Çà»ç´Â a
bookÀÌ´Ù.
- °ü°è´ë¸í»ç whose´Â »ç¶÷ »Ó ¾Æ´Ï¶ó »ç¹°°ú µ¿¹°À» ¼±Çà»ç·Î ÇÏ´Â ¼ÒÀ¯°Ý °ü°è´ë¸í»ç·Î¼ whose
´ÙÀ½¿¡´Â ¹Ýµå½Ã ¸í»ç°¡ ¿Í¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
- Look at the mountain whose top is covered
with snow. (Á¤»óÀÌ ´«À¸·Î µ¤¿©ÀÖ´Â »êÀ» º¸¼¼¿ä.)
- I saw a car whose windows were all broken.
(³ª´Â â¹®ÀÌ ¸ðµÎ ±úÁ®¹ö¸° Â÷¸¦ º¸¾Ò´Ù.)
- We passed a house whose roof had been
blown off. (¿ì¸®´Â ÁöºØÀÌ ³¯¾Æ°¡ ¹ö¸° ÁýÀ» Áö³ªÃÄ °¬´Ù.)
º¸Ãæ ÇнÀ : ¼±Çà»ç°¡
»ç¹°ÀÎ °æ¿ì¿¡´Â whose ´ë½Å¿¡ of which¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ´Â ¹«»ý¹°ÀÇ ¼ÒÀ¯°ÝÀ» of¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇØ ³ªÅ¸³»´Â ÇüÅÂ¿Í °°Àº
°ÍÀÌ´Ù.
I have found a book. + The cover of it is
red.
¢¡ I have found a book
the cover of which is red.
- Look at the mountain whose top is covered with
snow.
= Look at the mountain the top of which is covered with snow. - I saw a car whose windows were all broken.
=
I saw a car the windows of which were all broken. - We passed a house whose roof had been blown off.
= We passed a house the roof of which had been blown off.
4.
°ü°è´ë¸í»ç that¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â °æ¿ì
(1) »ç¶÷°ú µ¿¹° µÎ °¡Áö°¡ ¼±Çà»çÀÎ °æ¿ì:
- Look at the boy and his dog that are
coming this way. (ÀÌÂÊÀ¸·Î ¿À°í ÀÖ´Â ¼Ò³â°ú ±×ÀÇ °³¸¦ º¸¼¼¿ä.)
- This is a picture of a man and a horse
that are crossing the river. (À̰ÍÀº °À» °Ç³Ê°í ÀÖ´Â ³²ÀÚ¿Í ¸»ÀÇ ±×¸²ÀÌ´Ù.)
(2) all, every, some, any, no µîÀÌ ¼±Çà»çÀÎ °æ¿ì:
- All that glitters is not gold. (¹Ý¦ÀÌ´Â °ÍÀ̶ó°í ¸ðµÎ ±ÝÀº ¾Æ´Ï´Ù.)
- He spent all the money that he has. (±×´Â ±×°¡ °¡Áø µ·À» ¸ðµÎ ½è´Ù.)
- Is there anyone that can speak English?
(¿µ¾î¸¦ ÇÒ ÁÙ ¾Æ´Â »ç¶÷ÀÌ ÀÖ½À´Ï±î?)
- He didn¡¯t say anything that we wanted to
know. (±×´Â ¿ì¸®°¡ ¾Ë°í ½Í¾îÇß´ø °ÍÀ» ¾Æ¹« °Íµµ ¸»ÇØÁÖÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù.)
- Every boy and girl that I know likes ice
cream. (³»°¡ ¾Æ´Â ¸ðµç ¼Ò³â ¼Ò³à´Â ¾ÆÀ̽ºÅ©¸²À» ÁÁ¾ÆÇÑ´Ù.)
(3) the only, the very, the same µîÀÌ ¼±Çà»ç¿¡ Æ÷ÇԵǾî ÀÖ´Â
°æ¿ì:
- This is the only English book that he has.
(À̰ÍÀÌ ±×°¡ °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Â À¯ÀÏÇÑ ¿µ¾î Ã¥ÀÌ´Ù.)
- Man is the only animal that can speak.
(Àΰ£Àº ¸»À» ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â À¯ÀÏÇÑ µ¿¹°ÀÌ´Ù.)
- He is the very man that I have wanted to
employ. (±×´Â ³»°¡ ä¿ëÇÏ°í ½Í¾îÇß´ø ¹Ù·Î ±× »ç¶÷ÀÌ´Ù.)
- That¡¯s the very thing that I have been
looking for. (Àú°ÍÀº ³»°¡ ã°í ÀÖ´ø ¹Ù·Î ±×°ÍÀÌ´Ù.)
- This is the same watch that I lost
yesterday. (À̰ÍÀº ³»°¡ ¾îÁ¦ ÀÒ¾î¹ö·È´ø °Í°ú ¶È°°Àº ½Ã°èÀÌ´Ù.)
(4) ¼±Çà»ç°¡ Çü¿ë»çÀÇ ÃÖ»ó±ÞÀ̳ª ¼¼ö·Î ¼ö½ÄÀ» ¹Þ´Â °æ¿ì:
- The first thing that you must do is to pass
the exam. (´ç½ÅÀÌ ÇØ¾ß ÇÒ Ã¹ ¹øÂ° ÀÏÀº ½ÃÇè¿¡ ÇÕ°ÝÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù.)
- John was the first person that arrived
here. (Á¸ÀÌ À̰÷¿¡ Á¦ÀÏ ¸ÕÀú µµÂøÇÑ »ç¶÷À̾ú´Ù.)
- This is the tallest building that I have
ever seen. (À̰ÍÀº ³»°¡ º» °Í Áß °¡Àå ³ôÀº °Ç¹°ÀÌ´Ù.)
- He is the greatest actor that has ever
lived. (±×´Â Áö±Ý±îÁö »ýÁ¸Çß´ø °¡Àå À§´ëÇÑ ¹è¿ìÀÌ´Ù.)
(5) Àǹ®»ç who°¡ ¼±Çà»çÀÏ °æ¿ì:
- Who that has common sense can believe such a
thing? (»ó½ÄÀ» °¡Áø »ç¶÷À̶ó¸é ´©°¡ ±×·± °ÍÀ» ¹Ï°Ú´Â°¡?)
- Who that knows him will believe him? (±×¸¦ ¾Æ´Â »ç¶÷À̶ó¸é ´©°¡ ±×¸¦ ¹ÏÀ» °ÍÀΰ¡?)
5. °ü°è´ë¸í»ç whatÀÇ
¿ë¹ý
Show me the thing. + It is in your
pocket.
¢¡ Show me what
is in your pocket. (´ç½Å ÁÖ¸Ó´Ï¿¡ ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀ» ³»°Ô º¸¿© ÁֽÿÀ.)
- ¿©±â¼ whatÀº the thing°ú itÀ» ´ë½ÅÇÏ´Â °ü°è´ë¸í»ç·Î¼ whatÀÌ À̲ô´Â °ü°è´ë¸í»çÀý
what is in your pocket(´ç½Å ÁÖ¸Ó´Ï¿¡ ÀÖ´Â °Í)Àº showÀÇ Á÷Á¢¸ñÀû¾î·Î ¾²À̰í ÀÖ´Ù.
- °ü°è´ë¸í»çÀý what is in your pocket¿¡¼ whatÀº ¼±Çà»ç´Â the thingÀ»
Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ´Â °ü°è´ë¸í»çÀÌ´Ù.
- whatÀº¡¸¼±Çà»ç¸¦ Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ °ü°è´ë¸í»ç¡¹·Î¼ whatÀº the thing(s) which,
that whichÀÇ ¶æÀ» °®´Â´Ù.
- ´Ù¸¥ °ü°è´ë¸í»ç°¡ Çü¿ë»çÀýÀ» À̲ô´Âµ¥ ¹ÝÇØ, whatÀº ¸í»çÀýÀ» À̲ø°Ô µÈ´Ù. µû¶ó¼
whatÀÌ À̲ô´Â °ü°è´ë¸í»çÀýÀº ¹®ÀåÀÇ ÁÖ¾î, ¸ñÀû¾î, º¸¾î·Î ¾²ÀδÙ.
- What he said is true. (±×°¡ ¸»ÇÑ °ÍÀº
»ç½ÇÀÌ´Ù.)< ¢Ñ What he said´Â ÁÖ¾î >
- I don¡¯t believe what he said. (³ª´Â ±×°¡ ¸»ÇÑ °ÍÀ» ¹ÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.):what he said´Â ¸ñÀû¾î
- That is what he said. (±×°ÍÀº ±×°¡
¸»ÇÑ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.) < ¢Ñ what he said´Â º¸¾î>
- Don¡¯t put off till tomorrow what should be done
today. (¿À´Ã ÇØ¾ß ÇÒ ÀÏÀ» ¹Ì·çÁö ¸¶¶ó.)
- You may do what you¡¯d like to do. (´ç½ÅÀÌ ÇÏ°í ½ÍÀº °ÍÀ» ÇØµµ ÁÁ´Ù.)
- She is not what she was. (±×³à´Â
¿¹ÀüÀÇ ±×³à°¡ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù.)
6. °ü°è´ë¸í»ç asÀÇ
¿ë¹ý
¼±Çà»ç¿¡ such, the same, asµîÀÌ ÀÖÀ» ¶§, µÚÀÇ as´Â °ü°è´ë¸í»ç·Î
º»´Ù.
* Choose such friends as will benefit you. (willÀÇ ÁÖ¾î; ÁÖ°Ý)
* I have the same trouble as you have. (haveÀÇ ¸ñÀû¾î; ¸ñÀû°Ý)
* As many men as came were caught. (¿Â
»ç¶÷Àº ´Ù ºÙÀâÇû´Ù; ÁÖ°Ý)
* He is absent, as is often the case.
(asÀÇ ¼±Çà»ç´Â He is absent(Àý))
* He is American, as I knew from his accent. (±×ÀÇ ¸»Åõ·Î ¾È ÀÏÀÌÁö¸¸ ±×´Â ¹Ì±¹ÀÎ À̾ú´Ù.)
* As was the custom with him, he went out for a walk
after supper.
(¿©´À¶§Ã³·³ ½Ä»ç ÈÄ¿¡ »êÃ¥
³ª°¬´Ù.)
¢ÀHe was sleeping as she was speaking. (Á¢¼Ó»ç: ½Ã°£)
I like her as one of my friends. (ÀüÄ¡»ç:
¡·Î¼)
7. °ü°è´ë¸í»ç but °ú thanÀÇ
¿ë¹ý
(1) But : butÀº ±× ÀÚü¿¡ ºÎÁ¤ÀÇ
¶æÀÌ ÀÖ¾î who¡ not, that¡ not, which ¡notµîÀÇ ±¸¹®À¸·Î ¹Ù²Ü ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
¨ç µîÀ§ Á¢¼Ó»ç·Î ¾²ÀÌ´Â °æ¿ì.
* Summer is hot, but winter is cold.
* He is a hard-working but not very intelligent boy.
¨è ºÎ»ç·Î ¾²ÀÌ´Â °æ¿ì.
* He is but a child. (±×´Â ´ÜÁö ¾î¸°¾Ö¿¡ Áö³ªÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.)
* It is but a question of money. (±×°ÍÀº ´ÜÁö µ·¿¡ °üÇÑ ¹®Á¦ÀÌ´Ù.)
¡Þ ºÎ»ç·Î ¾²ÀÌ¸é ´ÜÁö, ¿À·ÎÁö, ºÒ°ú(only)ÀÇ ¶æÀ¸·Î ¾²À̸ç,ButÀ» »ý·«Çصµ ¹®ÀåÀÌ ¼º¸³ÇÑ´Ù.
¨é ÀüÄ¡»ç·Î ¾²ÀÌ´Â °æ¿ì.
* All but him were drowned. (±×¸¦ Á¦¿ÜÇϰí´Â ¸ðµÎ°¡ ÀÍ»çÇß´Ù.)
* Nobody but me attended the meeting.
(³ª¸¦ Á¦¿ÜÇϰí´Â ¾Æ¹«µµ ±× ¸ðÀÓ¿¡ Âü¼®ÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù.)
¡Þ butÀÌ ÀüÄ¡»ç·Î ¾²À̸é except, saveÀÇ ¶æÀ¸·Î ¾²À̸ç, butÀ» »ý·«ÇÏ¸é ¹®ÀåÀÌ
¼º¸³ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. (but + ¸ñÀû°Ý ÇüÅ·Π¾µ °Í.)
¨ê Á¾¼Ó Á¢¼Ó»ç·Î ¾²ÀÌ´Â °æ¿ì.
* No one is so old but he may learn. = No one is so old
that he may not learn.
¡Þ Á¾¼Ó Á¢¼Ó»ç·Î ¾²À̸é that ¡ notÀÇ ¶æÀ¸·Î ¾²À̸ç,butÀÌÇÏÀÇ ¹®ÀåÀº ¿ÏÀüÇÑ ¹®ÀåÀÌ µÈ´Ù.
¨ë °ü°è ´ë¸í»ç·Î ¾²ÀÌ´Â °æ¿ì.
¡Þ¼±Çà»ç¿¡ ºÎÁ¤¾îÀÎ not, no µîÀÌ ÀÖ´Â °æ¿ì, but¼Ó¿¡ notÀÇ ¶æ Æ÷ÇÔ
* There is no rule but has some exceptions. = There is
no rule that has not some exceptions.
(2)than: thanµµ µÚ¿¡ ¸í»ç, ´ë¸í»ç°¡
»ý·«µÇ¾î °ü°è´ë¸í»çó·³ ¾²ÀδÙ.
¡Þ¼±Çà»ç¿¡ more°¡ ÀÖ´Â ¹®Àå¿¡¼ ÁÖ°Ý ¶Ç´Â ¸ñÀû°ÝÀ¸·Î
* There are more books than are needed.
* Her service has been more valuable than was supposed.
* She always has more money than she needs.
(ºñ±³±Þ more ¶§¹®¿¡ thanÀÌ ¿Ô°í Ÿµ¿»ç needsÀÇ ¸ñÀû°ÝÀÌ µÇ¾î ¾ÕÀ¸·Î
³ª¿Â°ÍÀÓ
8. º¹ÇÕ°ü°è´ë¸í»ç¿Í º¹ÇÕ°ü°èÇü¿ë»çÀÇ
¿ë¹ý
(1)º¹ÇÕ°ü°è´ë¸í»ç
º¹ÇÕ°ü°è´ë¸í»ç¶õ "°ü°è»ç(thatÁ¦¿Ü) + ever" ÀÇ ÇüÅ·Π¼±Çà»ç¸¦ Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ¿© ¼±Çà»çÀÇ ¿ªÇÒ°ú
°ü°è´ë¸í»ç ¿ªÇÒÀ» µ¿½Ã¿¡ ÇÑ´Ù.
¨ç¸í»çÀû ¿ë¹ý : ÁÖ¾î¿Í ¸ñÀû¾î·Î ¾²ÀδÙ. ¸í»çÀýÀ» À¯µµÇÑ´Ù.
* Give it to whoever wants it. (=
anyone who; wantsÀÇ ÁÖ¾î)
* Give it to whomever you like. (=
anyone whom; likeÀÇ ¸ñÀû¾î)
* Choose whichever you like. (=
anything that)
* I will give you whatever you need. (= anything that)
¨èÇü¿ë»çÀû ¿ë¹ý: whichever¿Í whatever¸¸ÀÌ ¾²ÀδÙ.
* You may read whatever book you like.(= any book that)
* Take whichever book you like. (= any
of the books that)
* Whosever horse comes in first wins the prize. (= anyone whose)
¡Þ whosever´Â °ÅÀÇ ¾²ÀÌÁö ¾Ê°í anyone whose°¡ ¾²ÀδÙ.
¨èºÎ»çÀû ¿ë¹ý: ¾çº¸ÀÇ ºÎ»çÀýÀ» À̲ö´Ù.
* Whoever may come, he will be welcome. (= No matter who)
* Whatever you may do, do it well. (=
No matter what)
* Whichever you choose, you will be pleased. (= No matter which)
¡Þ¿À´ÃÀÇ ¿µ¾î¿¡¼´Â may¸¦ ¾È ¾²°í Á÷¼³¹ýÀ» ¾²´Â °æ¿ì°¡ ¸¹´Ù.
¡ÞWhatever´Â ºÎÁ¤¹®, Àǹ®¹®¿¡¼ °Á¶¾î·Î ¾²ÀδÙ.
* There can be no doubt whatever about it.
* Is there any chance whatever? (Á¶±ÝÀÌ¶óµµ °¡¸ÁÀÌ ÀÖ½À´Ï±î?)
(2) º¹ÇÕ°ü°èÇü¿ë»ç
* He spoke to me in french, which language I could not
understand.
->°ü°è´ë¸í»ç·Î¼ÀÇ which°¡ ¸í»ç language¸¦ ¼ö½ÄÇÑ´Ù.
* I gave them what money I had.
->whatÀº money¸¦ ¼ö½ÄÇÏ´Â µ¿½Ã¿¡ I had¸¦ Çü¿ë»çÀý·Î money¿¡ ¿¬°á½ÃŲ´Ù.
= I gave them all the money that I had. (what = all the....that)
* I will approve whichever(or whatever) course you
decide on.(º¹ÇÕ°ü°èÇü¿ë»ç)
9.
°ü°è´ë¸í»çÀÇ »ý·«
(1) Ÿµ¿»ç or ÀüÄ¡»çÀÇ ¸ñÀû
* He has no friend (whom) he can depend upon. (ÀüÄ¡»çÀÇ ¸ñÀû¾î)
* This is the house (which) he lives in.
(2) Áְݺ¸¾î, ¸ñÀû°Ýº¸¾î·Î ¾²ÀÏ ¶§
* He is not the man (which or that) he was two years
ago.
(±×´Â 2³âÀüÀÇ ±×°¡ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù.)
(3) there is, there are°¡ °è¼Ó µÉ ¶§.
* He taught me the difference (that) there is between
right and wrong.
(4) There is, Here is, It is, What is,
Who is·Î ½ÃÀ۵Ǵ ±¸¹®¿¡¼.
* There is a boy (who) wants to see you.
* It was he (that) met her yesterday.
(5) ÇöÀçºÐ»ç, °ú°ÅºÐ»ç ¾Õ¿¡¼ 'Áְݰü°è´ë¸í»ç+be' »ý·«
. The woman (who is) standing by the door is my
aunt.
. The woman (who is) loved by him is my
sister.
. I have a book (that is) written in English.